At the beginning of the twentieth century, Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois quarreled over how best to educate Black American youth. While both were looking for the best way to improve African Americans’ overall place in the U. S. economy, Washington, the founder of Tuskegee Institute, argued that young Black people…

By 2004, just two years after it had become legal for university faculty in Washington to unionize, four of the six universities in the state had faculty unions.  In part, this was about salaries—Washington’s tradition of paying below market salaries for a world-class university system has caught up with us.  But the main reason faculty…